Estonia joined the EU on 1 May 2004. Before joining Estonia had a referendum (the 14th of September 2003) where the Estonians were asked if they wanted the country to join the EU. 33.2 % voted no and 66.8 % voted yes. The turnout was 64.1%.
The Yes campaign had strong media, political and financial backing and only one established party (the Center Party) recommended a no. The no side was organized in many smaller groups like “No to the EU”.
Despite the result in the EU referendum Estonians are very critical towards the EU.
Opinion polls showed that Estonians were against the country joining the euro zone but the majority of the parliament of Estonia was against a separate referendum on the euro, and argued that the question was decided when Estonia joined the EU. Estonia joined the euro on 1 January 2011 and thereby gave up its national currency: kroon.